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Hello and welcome to this recorded session about using games in math class. Happy you could join me.

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My name is Kirsten Dyck, and I'm very excited to share some ideas with you about math games today.

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I'm

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coming to you from Saskatchewan and I would like to recognize that I am here on treaty six territory and the traditional homeland of the

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Metis. I teach middle years math in a grade seven to twelve rural high school. Our division,

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our district has about 44 schools, and we're located on all of the towns around Saskatoon.

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So in the mornings, I teach math in my own classroom and in the afternoons

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I support teachers across the division as I am one of two math coaches for Prairie Spirit School Division.

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I'm excited to be here with you today. A big thank you to both the volunteer organizers of this virtual

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OAME conference and also to Texas Instruments for sponsoring this amazing learning opportunity. So let's just jump in.

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Today, we're gonna spend some time digging into using math games in our classroom.

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You might wish to have something handy like a piece of paper or sticky note, the apps note, the notes app,

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pardon me, on your phone to record a few things for one game specifically. As well at the end

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there will be a link to a Google Doc that has all of the links and

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resources to what we've talked about today and there will be some extra game resources there

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for some of the games I use in my own middle years math classroom as well.

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So before we jump in here's what we're going to cover during our brief time together.

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We're going to look at some of the reasons we might use games in our math classroom.

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So that's one of the things we're going to talk about.

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We're going to talk a little bit about how we might choose the games that we are going to play.

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And once we've picked some games, what's important when we introduce them to our students.

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We're going to give you some ideas for some games and all of those will be available in the handout at the end.

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And then finally a few

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considerations for using math games in your classroom.

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So all of these games will be ones that are easy to prepare and the only materials you might need

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might be dice and playing cards.

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So our first question is why would we choose to play games in math class?

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I'm going to give you a moment to just think about what that might be for you.

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So I'm just going to invite you to think about why you might use games in your math classroom

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or if you're already using games, what are some other things that you are curious about today or

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so I feel free to just pause this recording.

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Jot down a few things. Let it run through your mind and I'll just pause momentarily

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so that if you happen to be listening this while you're doing dishes or something that you still have a chance to think about why

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might you use math games in your classroom.

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So I'm going to share my list with you. Perhaps these are some of the same ideas that you had. That's for sure

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not an exhaustive list, but these are some of the things I hope my students gain from playing games in my class.

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So I want there to be some aspects of math class that are fun.

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So that's always the first thing that comes to my mind about playing games.

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I also would really like students to be engaged.

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And sometimes we see students willing to play a game and that might be the most engaging we see them all class.

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I always hope that there's an element of collaboration in my classroom and

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depending on the games you choose there can be some collaboration and math conversation built right into the gameplay.

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As well games can be a great way to build some fluency and flexibility with numbers. And for all of us

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we have a variety of students and learners in our classrooms and many games are easily

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differentiated which allows us to the opportunity to meet the students where they are.

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So those are some of the reasons that I like to use games in my math classroom.

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Maybe some of those reasons match up to yours.

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So before we get too far into this we're gonna play one short round, two short rounds of a game.

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I'll give you an opportunity to pause the recording to make sure you have a place to write down a short

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expression. It will have four numbers and then we're going to get started.

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So when I started teaching math again a few years ago,

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I was hunting for games that I could play with my older students as there are so many games that have been

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developed for a younger students and it can often take some digging to find ones for our middle years kids.

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So I came across a blog post by Nat Banting and he described how we used this activity with his group of grade nines.

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So that's the source for this game.

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He calls it something else but in my classroom the students started calling it "The Dice Game" and that's the name that stuck.

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So here is "The Dice Game".

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So this is what I would invite you to copy onto your paper. Four blanks for numbers with those operations in between.

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So I'll give you a second to copy that down.

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What's going to happen is you're going to place one number in each of those blanks.

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So this will show up again on the next slide so I'm just gonna move ahead while you copy that down.

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So here's what else is important to know. The numbers you place will be rolled randomly from a 10 sided die.

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After each roll you'll choose which blank to put the number into. So the goal is that in the end

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you're going to create the highest value for this expression.

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However, once you place a number it can't be moved. So you need to feel confident in your choice and your strategy.

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So one number per blank. You're aiming for the highest value and you can't change your mind after a number is placed.

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Okay. So are we ready?

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Here we go.

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As each roll happens, figure out where you're going to place yours to create the highest value. So first number rolled is a 2.

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Where's a good place for that 2 to go?

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Second role gives us a five. Where would you like to put your five?

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Third role is an eight. Did you save a good place in case a high number showed up?

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And the last number

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two, so depending on what you chose, that can go into the last blank and I'll give you a few seconds to figure out the

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total that you've created.

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So you can imagine within a class there will be some tears of joy and some sighs of defeat.

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So this might be one way that somebody has put these numbers in and how we've arranged them. So let's just have a look.

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As these numbers are placed what might have been some of the mathematical thinking that this person had?

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What worked out well for them?

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How does this solution compare to what you had?

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So having a look at these numbers,

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we saw the last solution gave us a total of 32. Is 32 the biggest possible total?

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Did you choose wisely for your numbers? What strategy would you use next time?

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What do you going to keep and what are you going to change?

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Because we're gonna try this again with four new numbers.

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So what's the strategy you want to keep from the previous round? Our goal is still to create the highest value.

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Okay, so thinking about what worked last time and what didn't.

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Our first roll is a nine.

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Second roll seven.

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The third number is a four. So which operation are you looking at with the four? The addition? The subtraction?

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And the final number is nine. So that can go into your last blank.

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And I'll give you a few seconds again to figure out the total you've created this time.

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How did this round go compared to last time?

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So, what's the biggest total possible with these numbers?

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How did your answer compare? Did you choose wisely?

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So I'm going to get you to pause momentarily to just think about these questions. Was it helpful for you to play a second round?

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What did you do the same?

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The second time as you did the first time. What did you do differently? And how did your thinking change?

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So I'll repeat those questions and then you can pause the video. Just think about those for yourself.

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What did you do the same? What did you do differently? And did your thinking change?

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So, how would your thinking be different if I'd asked you to find the smallest total?

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What would need to change in your strategy then?

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As teachers, those are some of the questions that we would be able to use with our students when we're playing this game with them.

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So now that you've had a chance to play

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I'd invite you to think about if this game was one you were to choose with your class,

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what might you consider before you jumped in?

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So feel free to pause here to just think about what this game might look like?

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Both for when you're in the classroom, and if you're teaching online right now either synchronously or asynchronously.

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So just pause and think about how this might look in your room.

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How might you introduce this game? How about your students play this?

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So being intentional about how you'd like to introduce a game might mean the first time you play you decide to play it all together as a

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class.

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Of course you'd want to think about having the setup on the four squares to be visible to everyone.

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You might want to think about whether you want to choose a student to play against or will you challenge the whole class?

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How will students record their guesses? Are they gonna put that on paper or are they gonna play it on white board?

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Once the class knows how to play maybe this is a game that can be played with partners or in a trio of students.

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And how many rounds are you going to play? What's going to be beneficial for your kiddos?

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So here's one version of a short game played with a ten sided die with two people. Each player got their own rolls

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and got to keep their own numbers to record.

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So this is again a variation that you might choose to use in your classroom and

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you will see that this is exactly where the rollsfor our sample game came from.

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So for our partner game, first player rolls a nine. They decide where they would like to place the nine on their game board.

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Game boards are set up exactly the same.

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Second player rolls their first role is a two. So, where are they going to place their two?

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Where would you place your two?

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Next we get a seven. Where will that seven go? And the second player their next roll ends up being a five.

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Player 1 rolls again. Their third number is a four.

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Where will they place that? We end up with an eight for player two. Nice roll. Looking for a biggest number.

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Here we go with another nine for player one. And the final roll for player two. One more 2. Uh oh.

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So when all is said and done based on where the rolls got placed, player one ends up with a score of 52 and player

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2 a dismal five.

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So now that you've seen a game in action,

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maybe pause again and just think one more time about how this might look in your classroom and in your context.

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I'd like to share with you a sample setup for one version I use in my classroom.

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This image comes from just what I've typed onto a regular sheet of paper which slides right into those wipe off covers that you saw

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in the little video.

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So if students are playing in partners they can decide if they wish to total each line.

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Or sometimes they decide to total each round of four.

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So if you were going to play this game in your classroom how might you differentiate it?

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So I'm going to invite you to pause the slides for a moment to just have a look at these options

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here and think about what you'd change if you're going to take this into your own classroom.

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So we can see there's some additional complexity built right in here with the order of operations and exponents.

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But if that's too much for your students, we can simplify this game

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if we need to. We could use fewer blanks for students to fill in.

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We could choose to use a six-sided die instead of a 10 sided die.

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And if needed we could differentiate it up if we wanted to change the operations.

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Change the number of blanks. How many dice we roll at once?

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Add some fractions. I have some students who love to play with a 30 sided die.

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As well, the goal of each round can be changed. Round one for us is usually finding the highest total.

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But we also play with finding the lowest.

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Depending on your grade level you can move into negative numbers.

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And trying to score as close to zero is often a good challenge.

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Or maybe there's a target number. Maybe a student rolls the die, and that's the target number

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they're all trying to reach. That can also be a fun challenge for our kids.

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So thinking it back to the reasons we used for the reasons we listed

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pardon me for using the games, what helps us decide if a game is going to meet our goals?

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So one of the first things we talked about was it needed to be fun and engaging.

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So hopefully the first time we play a game we'll know whether or not students are going to become engaged with the game.

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And for the fluency and flexibility piece, I think back to the first time I heard Dan Finkel.

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He's the creator of Math For Love and the board games Tiny Polka Dot and 
Prime Climb.

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The first time I heard him speak on a podcast he talked about how to find a good math game and he talked about three

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things to look for. As well as fun,

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one of the things he shares is that math should be the engine of the game. If there is no mathematical or logical

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thinking, then it might not be a good game for us to choose.

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And third, do students have some choices to make within the game itself?

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We've all seen those early elementary

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games where students roll a die or spin a spinner and then they have a blank to fill in about the result.

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So even some, not all, but some of the games

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that are in the textbooks and the other games designed for our older students have those game-like features

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but there are really few things that will disengage a teenager faster than not having any choice about something.

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So if they can't have some opportunity to use both luck and skill to engage their peers in some friendly competition,

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then they're not very likely to play that game for long.

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However, if they can make some choices in the game,

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even if it's as simple as a where a number goes in a blank, then they're often hooked in and more willing to play.

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So those are some things that might be important for us to look for when we choose games.

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Are they fun and engaging? Is there some mathematical or logical

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thinking that we can get into? And are there opportunities for choice in the game?

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So what's the best way to introduce game play to your classroom? In my context

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I start using games right at the beginning of the school year.

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When we're setting norms for what does our time together look like, we set norms for game play as well.

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So here's the prompt that we often use to guide our brainstorming.

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I'm going to invite you to pause the slides one more time and take a moment to think about how the students in your

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context might finish this prompt. Games work for everyone when...

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So here are some of the

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most frequently suggested answers from my students. Okay, one of the things that comes up about why games work for everyone

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is that when they are fair. This is where student choice during a game comes in. As our students get older

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they know we are trying to trick them into having fun.

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So if the game seems fair, they all have the same chance of winning or losing then they're okay with that.

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That's where said with a strategy pieces get built in.

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Second thing that they like to talk about

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is that every one place to the end or as my grade eights would phrase it no rage quitting.

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You can't just give up partway through. Once you start a game, you've got to finish it.

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And third decide on those rules together before you start. Whether we're playing something like "The Dice Game"

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or Zilch or the Connect Four integer game or even something as simple as Pig, it needs to be clear to everyone

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before they start. What the goal is. How they're gonna keep score and how you might win.

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Otherwise someone ends up frustrated and then the fun stops.

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And since our goal is that sometimes we would like our students to play independently

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it's important that we model the game for them.

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Sometimes that can be with the whole class and sometimes showing a few students how to play is enough to teach everyone eventually.

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In my classroom, usually we start with everyone learning the game on the same day.

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That way we can be sure that everyone knows how to play when we come back to the game in the future.

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As well being intentional with a mathematical or logical thinking, that's also key.

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You know you have more mathematical goals for them besides just having fun.

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So once students have experienced the game, now you can roam the room and ask the questions like: What was your strategy?

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Is this game fair? How do you know?

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Will that strategy work every time?

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Is there a sure way to win? As the professional adult in the room

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you can decide if those questions happen the first time you play.

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Maybe they'll show up at the end of the day at an exit slip.

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Perhaps it's a conversation as you sit beside a group who's playing the game.

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Maybe you save all those for the second time around that you play.

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Either way

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we know that there can be some follow-up thinking to try to dig into what our students are doing while they're playing the game.

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So time for another short game. When we consider how we can be intentional to try to hear the thinking of the students,

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there are some really common logic games which come to mind.

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The game of NIM is one that has many variations and can easily be adapted to various levels in your classroom.

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As well, there are many awesome versions of tic-tac-toe and I would like to share a really quick and easy version

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that was originally shared in a blog post by Sarah Carter.

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So this game is called "Traffic Lights". The game setup requires one tic-tac-toe board and three categories of items.

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So the red, yellow, and green worked great since their actual traffic light colors. For students at home right now

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maybe they use colored LEGO pieces that would work. Pieces of broken crayons.

00:19:13.260 --> 00:19:19.129
Three types of coins of increasing value. As long as you keep straight what order they're played in that's all you need.

00:19:20.160 --> 00:19:22.160
So "Traffic Lights".

00:19:23.520 --> 00:19:28.009
This is the template kindly shared by Sarah Carter and has the instructions right on there.

00:19:28.040 --> 00:19:31.909
So on your turn you get to do one of three things. I'll give you a second just to read through that.

00:19:37.410 --> 00:19:42.740
So the goal is the same as with regular tic-tac-toe. You want three in a row. In this version

00:19:42.740 --> 00:19:44.839
you want three in a row of the same color, though.

00:19:44.880 --> 00:19:50.810
So placing a marker doesn't mean you own the square because the marker might change color. The important thing to remember

00:19:50.810 --> 00:19:53.269
is that the colors must go in the same order.

00:19:53.270 --> 00:19:56.660
So red has to turn into yellow and yellow has to turn into green.

00:19:57.150 --> 00:20:02.570
You can't place a yellow or green marker on their own. They all have to start with being red first.

00:20:02.640 --> 00:20:05.180
So here's a short example of what the game might look like.

00:20:05.910 --> 00:20:07.910
Okay.

00:20:09.640 --> 00:20:10.990
Here we go.

00:20:10.990 --> 00:20:14.190
So in this game the first player puts down a red right in the middle.

00:20:14.190 --> 00:20:19.320
That means there are limited options for the second player to go or else they're going to be out right away.

00:20:19.320 --> 00:20:21.359
So it doesn't take long for students to figure that out.

00:20:22.780 --> 00:20:27.869
So as we watch we can see that there are a couple of choices that the players are making.

00:20:28.450 --> 00:20:35.500
Do they want to start with a red one every time or do they want to switch out a color red to yellow or yellow to green?

00:20:35.500 --> 00:20:42.060
So let's just watch for a moment and then we'll stop and see what your next step would be if you were the one playing

00:20:42.060 --> 00:20:44.060
the game.

00:20:53.910 --> 00:20:58.999
So if this is the way the game board ended, what do you think would be a good next move?

00:21:02.070 --> 00:21:06.199
So, what would you do if you had the next move? Is there a sure way to win?

00:21:06.570 --> 00:21:08.570
Is there a sure way you would lose?

00:21:09.180 --> 00:21:11.930
Feel free to pause the video just to consider some potential

00:21:12.060 --> 00:21:15.289
moves that you might make as a player if you were to play this game again.

00:21:18.390 --> 00:21:19.440
 

00:21:19.440 --> 00:21:25.279
Or you might want to consider what your teacher moves might be. If you were watching this game play out with your students,

00:21:25.280 --> 00:21:27.280
what questions would you have?

00:21:28.830 --> 00:21:35.240
Maybe this is an exit slip photo. What kind of thinking could you elicit from the students if they all knew how this game worked?

00:21:39.120 --> 00:21:42.829
How might you use a logic game like this in your math class?

00:21:48.450 --> 00:21:49.980
 

00:21:49.980 --> 00:21:57.349
And as we consider how to implement games in our classroom, right now we must be cognizant of the circumstances in which we find ourselves.

00:21:58.230 --> 00:22:02.240
And for many of us our teaching roles look very different right now. I acknowledge that

00:22:02.240 --> 00:22:05.300
there are many many challenges with our emergency remote teaching.

00:22:05.400 --> 00:22:11.749
Some of us are teaching synchronously and some are not. Some of our students have access to access to technology

00:22:12.150 --> 00:22:17.389
pardon me. And for some we hope that they are getting adequate food every day and technology is the last thing we are worried about

00:22:17.390 --> 00:22:18.060
for them.

00:22:18.060 --> 00:22:20.449
So I will offer only a couple of little

00:22:20.550 --> 00:22:25.310
suggestions that we might want to consider when planning to implement math games in our distant learning practice.

00:22:25.710 --> 00:22:29.090
So first, let's try to keep the materials simple.

00:22:30.960 --> 00:22:33.110
Easy to find things that are around their home anyway.

00:22:33.240 --> 00:22:40.099
Dice can be borrowed from other board games or random number spinners and dice can be found online online for those that have access.

00:22:41.490 --> 00:22:45.949
Second a lot of folks are overwhelmed. Let's keep the instructions simple and clear

00:22:46.740 --> 00:22:48.690
And third

00:22:48.690 --> 00:22:56.299
invitational. Our first goal for students playing games is have fun and to be engaged. We continue we can continue to have that as our

00:22:56.300 --> 00:22:58.300
goals for our kids.

00:22:58.650 --> 00:23:05.329
And there are so many people sharing things online right now. So check out the resources page for a few more ideas. Very quickly

00:23:05.330 --> 00:23:10.510
I'm going to share one idea that a teacher posted on his Twitter account. Just that might spark some ideas in you.

00:23:12.470 --> 00:23:13.720
So with his permission

00:23:13.720 --> 00:23:19.419
I'm sharing an idea from Jordan Rappaport. A teacher who has a math game and his most recent choice board for his students.

00:23:19.610 --> 00:23:25.479
The first week is the introduction to the game. The only materials are that you need two people and two dice.

00:23:25.580 --> 00:23:28.449
So I'll give you a second to just look the instructions for the game.

00:23:31.310 --> 00:23:34.720
And look at that awesome last question, is this a fair game?

00:23:39.860 --> 00:23:45.459
So then for week two, there are some follow-up questions. Now that the students know how to play the game,

00:23:49.040 --> 00:23:55.149
Jordan asked some ones that asked that have the students want to dig deeper into the fairness and the strategy behind the game.

00:23:55.850 --> 00:23:57.850
So have a look at those act two questions.

00:24:02.570 --> 00:24:04.100
 

00:24:04.100 --> 00:24:06.020
And then the third week,

00:24:06.020 --> 00:24:08.020
final questions for his students.

00:24:08.300 --> 00:24:14.500
So not only do the students have an opportunity to play a game. They have the opportunity to do some thinking about the game.

00:24:15.500 --> 00:24:17.450
 

00:24:17.450 --> 00:24:22.840
And their teacher has the opportunity to hear some of that thinking once its shared back with them.

00:24:23.960 --> 00:24:28.509
Simple instructions. Easy materials. And some rich mathematical thinking.

00:24:31.910 --> 00:24:34.300
So thank you to Jordan Rappaport for sharing that.

00:24:35.990 --> 00:24:40.959
So as we move forward into planning how math games might look when weare back in our classrooms,

00:24:41.270 --> 00:24:44.050
I'd encourage you to start collecting from anyone and everywhere.

00:24:44.050 --> 00:24:48.250
There are so many games that might seem really easy for your grade level and

00:24:48.470 --> 00:24:54.909
many of those can be readily adapted to increase the mathematical thinking required. As well there's nothing wrong with kids

00:24:54.910 --> 00:24:58.420
just having fun with something that's going to help them build some fluency and flexibility.

00:24:59.720 --> 00:25:05.139
Storing the games in my classroom just happens in basic file folders, which are accessible at all times for my kiddos.

00:25:05.360 --> 00:25:10.479
They know where the dice and the cards are kept. As well as where the wipe off covers are and the

00:25:10.550 --> 00:25:12.580
Whiteboards and they're welcome to use those at any time.

00:25:14.420 --> 00:25:17.830
So by using games as a regular part of my classroom practice

00:25:17.830 --> 00:25:24.549
I can feel confident in knowing that my students are developing some fluency and flexibility with numbers and they're having some fun doing it.

00:25:26.000 --> 00:25:28.329
So I'm just gonna invite you have a look at some of those questions.

00:25:29.360 --> 00:25:34.000
Maybe pause for a minute and see if there are some things that resonate with you.

00:25:34.700 --> 00:25:38.919
Things that you maybe have an answer for today. Some things that maybe you want to keep thinking about.

00:25:39.110 --> 00:25:41.709
So I'll give you a moment just to pause to look at those questions.

00:25:55.870 --> 00:26:00.960
So I really hope that within this presentation you've been able to think about how using games might fit into your

00:26:01.090 --> 00:26:07.739
mathematical teaching practice. Or how you might become more intentional about choosing games if they're already something you like to have in your teaching tool kit.

00:26:07.930 --> 00:26:11.820
I'd love to hear any of these takeaways that you've got or any questions that you might have.

00:26:16.150 --> 00:26:21.930
Thank you to everyone who is here taking part in this workshop. I know this feels so much different than a hands-on workshop

00:26:21.930 --> 00:26:23.860
where you get to play all of the games

00:26:23.860 --> 00:26:28.620
but I hope you're able to find time to try out a few new games over the next months and weeks. Maybe even

00:26:28.750 --> 00:26:33.780
introduce them into your classroom practice for right now, or maybe just save them until we're back into our schools.

00:26:34.180 --> 00:26:40.139
Thank you to all those teachers, some of whom who might even be watching, who were ever so generous with their ideas and resources

00:26:40.300 --> 00:26:42.450
which allows the rest of us to be inspired.

00:26:43.210 --> 00:26:49.319
Thank you again to the committee for organizing this virtual conference and thanks to Texas Instruments for the sponsorship.

00:26:50.020 --> 00:26:56.129
And again, thank you for taking the time to be here today. Please feel free to email or connect on Twitter.

00:26:56.130 --> 00:26:58.130
I would love to chat with you.

00:26:58.750 --> 00:27:00.810
Thank you and stay safe.

